Current electricity

 The motion through a complete cycle of conductors is referred as electric current. Everything from our lights to our trains is controlled by it.

Students knew several types of circuits and what is essential to finish a circuit in these activities.

Objectives

Describe the components that would go into forming an electric circuit.

Demonstrate the various techniques for completing a circuit (parallel or series).

Understand the various ways which the electricity is applied in household appliances.

Describe how such an electron works with current electricity.

Materials

Materials are available in the individual activities.

Your cell phone, power trains and ships, run your refrigerator, and power motors in appliances like food processors all consume electricity. To be useful, electric energy must be converted to other forms of energy such as heat, light, or mechanical.

Everything we see is made up of atoms, and that are tiny small particles. Protons, electrons, as well as neutron are even smaller factors that make up atoms. Protons (which have a positive charge) and electrons are generally equal in number in an atom (which have a negative charge). Electrons can often be transported away from their atoms.

The movement of electrons through a wire is called as electric current. The number of charges that move in an electric current is measured in amperes (amps).

Circuit in series (bottom)

Voltage, commonly known as electric potential, is a standard measurement that is measured in volts. The total energy required to move a small electric charge from one point to the other, divided by the charge's size, is the voltage between two points in a circuit.

The forces that oppose the flow of electron current in a wire were measured in ohms and thus are referred to as resistance. By turning the electrical energy lost in a resistor into heat energy (as in an electric stove), light energy (a light bulb), sound energy (radio), mechanical energy (an electric fan), or magnetic energy (as with a magnet), we can use resistance to our benefit (an electromagnet). We should use a wire that enables current to flow directly from one point to another if we want current to flow directly from one point to another.

A system of plumbing pipes is a good example to help grasp these phrases.

The water pressure that pushes water out from the pipe is known to as voltage.

The rate of water movement is equivalent to current.

Resistance is comparable to pipe width: the slimmer the pipe, the stronger the resistance, and the more harder it is for flow of water through.

Students will experiment with wires, batteries, and switches to construct their own electric circuits while learning on voltage, current, and impedance at the same time throughout this series of activities.

A system of plumbing pipes would be a good example to help grasp these terms. Fun tidbit!

You'll notice that the symbols for many SI units (International System of Units) in this lesson plan are lowercase, as opposed to the ones you're used to that, such as the voltage (V) and the ampere (A) (m, kg). When a unit is titled after a person, it is conventional to use a key word. The units were named after Alessandro Volta and André-Marie Ampère in these circumstances. The resistance unit is similarly named after a person (Georg Simon Ohm), but it employs the Greek letter omega as its representation. These principles are important to observe since lowercase and uppercase digits might indicate distinct units, such as dollars and cents.